Internal-combustion engine



Nov. 19, 1929.

R. JARDINE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE led Sept. 23, 1926 40 'direetfcontact ,Wltl'l, the exhaust gases, to 'pre{ Patented Nov. 19, 19 29 ROBERT A DI VE, E DETROIT,

MICHIGAN, Assrriort TO HIGH Too; O i/IPANYQ c03- "*PORAELION 0F MAI-NE. r

qrrn a mnoomnnsmloii ENGINE pplieation filed September @1926. 7 Serial No. mafia;

.t the cocl flatvvallof thejacket. On

ahfcouhft" of the comparatively great distance fromth ep oiiit. Where the guide passes through the ivall [of the port to the valve seat,a moveii'ient (if new th'usandths (Stan inch atthe ju ct 9 the valv guid w t t e wa f ih 1 9 t1p iu sarelatiyly'g a m v fertile vaisae eadtwith respect to the center 26f the stamens displacing the valve and pretiing rojiei' seating. 1 ."Aijhriion' of each exhaust valve stem in the" conventional engine structure is directly exhaust gases. ,T isijpermitsthe frfalves to Fa i W h, tl i i P T Y s n ii ien he'e' gie i'ebe I I f fhelprlin a febie t of is invention are itp-mei itai th y l d l 'n c r align-y me i w th th w e e .to-iirsi t cfily the entire length; o f;the valve stem from vent excessiveheating of thevalve stem,;therel'by reducingithe' resultant expansion and permitting'aeorresponding reduction in the re- "quired deamnces with" the tapf ets, and. to

H to apoint in close pi ex imity to thei' alve seat.

tion of the engine under the axis of an exhaust Fig. 4 1s asectlonal View of a ""'For convenience of guide whichits'lf'isfdirectly exposed to the provide a cooling jaketfor the valve guide Fig; 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of an 'internalcombus'tion engine and its" Iirtenan'ces, organihedt in accordance'with this'inv ntionr coniiection With the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 2 is aipartial plan View of the engine 2 with the cylinder head'removed; e V

F 1g;3 is a transverse sectiori through a portaken alongithe-liiie ofFig'. 2. h 1 In thediagrammatic' vieiv'of 1F ig. 1 theengine is indicated gen'erallyhy A the radia- 2 fragment tor hy B, the circulating pump :byjC, its in I connection from". the" bottom (if the radrator'hy D;'its'output pmneaon to" the co oling jackets by E,andthe eonhectio it the radiator by F.

dei' block 10 issho ivh arse one-piece casting equipped With plurality 'of Cylinders 11, each of Which is incommunicationivith'an intake p'ort 12 and exhaust port 13,"e'ach0f the -latter being controlled by a poppet 'valve having a stem I4 and a" hea-c115, the latter cooperating With a valve seat't16;

I In 3*the exhaust port 13,has been 7 shown as curving dotvhfw'ardly and outwardly "from theseatf 16insuhstanti'ally the same pores now in jcom- "manner as 'corrs'ponding fmon use; The cylinder Walls areprovijded illustration the cylin 'with a'icooling j acket1'7, renewing in" general respects the conventional form and f'servin'g "tofpermi t-the'birculation of a"c0oling fluid s abut' thef"riylinder Walls. The head 18 is also equipped with a somewhat conventional jacket ;1 ;9', 'iii communication Withfthe cylinder jacket 17ftlii'oii.g l1 assages'zo, arranged The s'tem 14 oQfthe poppet valve is mounted to rem roeatein' a 'fvalveiguide 21'," rising the jacke't 1,7, a'nd "eztendii "g" th rdug'h theinner curved fWallj23 fif the I the lower portion 28 of r a valve 7 wall it and then upwardly, of the jacket 17 at 3.3,

of this jacket are somewhat horse-shoe shaped in transverse cross-section and fupwardly. along the valve guide and end the wall 23 is deflected inwardly, as best illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, to form a pocket 24 extending well up toward the top of the "valve guide and in communication with the extend downwardly and inwardly from the corner of the pocket and join with the curved Wall 28. V i

On the outer sideof thevalve. guide 21 the jacket 17 and the upper portion 29 thereof, is connected by an auxiliary jacket 30, which extends along the V 31 of this auxiliary jacket is the outer wall of the valve guide and extends upwardly to a point corrsponding with the wall 25,

The remaining walls cooling fluid to be'circ'ulated a passage for into , the upper portion of the jacket 17. The

metal forming the walls and 32 becomes or partition extending across the port 13 adjacent to the seat 16, and this wall, together with the auxiliary acket and the guide, divide the exhaust port into two by the pump branches.

r The coolingwater or the liquid delivered Fheader M (Fig. 2), to'the pipes 35, 36, ex-

tending along the jacket 17 adjacent to the ports and forming the manifolds. for distributing the water. The pipe35 is provided with openings or ports 37 below and directed toward pocket. 24, whereby the water from 5 the pump is wvalls of. the pocket,

j vided with openingsor ports38 below and delivered first intothe pocket by a jet action, causing rapid circulation of the water and consequent rapidcooling'of the The pipe36 is prodirected toward the auxiliary jacketsv 30,

5.] whereby cool water directed from thepump is delivered first into the auxiliary j ackets and circulated rapidly along the'walls theres to produce corresponding rapid cooling at the outer side'ofthe V The pipes 36 and 37 distribute all the water delivered by the pump,;an d, inthe preferred 4 valve guides, thus producing the b'est po's-' valve guide.

construction, release itonly at the exhaust .sible condition for properly cooling of those from the cylinder guides. The passagesQO should be arranged jacket to the headijacket close to the valve guides, and shouldrhave' .combinedcapacity no greaterthan theca- I pacityofthe pump to insure the best circula-n t in t wic niity: of the 'Yel uides:

' The valve gulde extends so high that an These walls arejoined gases,

. r n i n alignmentwith the axls of the seat, as is com guide. across the port 13. The inner I serve to make C iscemmunicated, through a inconsiderable portion of the valve stem is exposed to the exhaust gases, practically its entire length being shielded and protected by the valve guideQWhich in turn is cooled and protected by the acketed surfaces which extend approximately to the valve seat. In admonly the case with the ordinary structure.

The efficient cooling of the valve guide and the extension of that guide so far toward the head of the valve, permits the temperature 7 of the stem to be maintainedat suchfa low degree that the required clearance with the tappets can be materially" reduced without.

:danger of impairing the seating when the where it turns outwardly, as ndicated at 32,

blending with the Wall v motor is well warmed up.f

In the ordinary constructlon,where'theexhaust gases imp nge directly against the'valve stem for a considerable length ,7 below then head,vthat portion oi 'thevalve stem' is the hottest part of the entire engine. Heat from it is radiated along the'stemliin 'both'ldirections. That which goes tothe head'raises the temperature or" the head and lowers the,

degree, of compression that can be used without having preignition, and increases" 'burning distortion, pitting and wear ingot the valves, and the liability of detonationwith lean mixtures.

With the present invention this I heated area, or thehigh localization of heat on the stem, is'eliminated. Instead of con- 7 ducting heat to the liead the stem conducts heat away from the head," maintaining it at a lower temperature and reducing or eliminating the objectionable eilects named "above 1 and,to a corresponding extent, increasing the etli'ciency of the engine." In addition there is less elongation of the stemf a'ndfthe 'tappet clearance'canbe reduced.v

When used in connection with special heat dissipating valves (suchf the "salt c'ooled valves describedandclaimed S D; Heron in application No; 644,480, ifiled lluneij 19,.

1923), the high ,rate of .con'ductivityot the valve combineswithithe cooling action of the engine structurehere shown-to so reduce the working temperature otthe valve head that it-assistsi11cooling'the valve;

The improved jacket and valve guldeis illustrated only in connection with ah -exhaust valve, and it is here that the invention will its greatest utilitypbutytherepare instances where it may be advantageously ap plied to theintake valves; 7 p e r I cla1-m as my nvention-' r I .1. In van internal combustion engine,"'a

cylinder, a cooling jacket,feratheflcylinder,

'a cylinder: head, a [cooling jacket the i cylinder head,a port communicatingv with.

the cylinder, a poppet valve controllingthe a pocket in the cylinder jacket extendingport, a seat for the poppet valve, a valve guide extending through the cylinder jacket into the port and terminating in close proximity to the valve seat, an auxiliary cooling jacket in communication with the cylinder jacket and extending along the valve guide across the port, and meansfor causing a cooling fluid to circulate first through the auxiliary jacket, the cylinder jacket and then through the cylinder headjacket.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a cooling jacket for the cylinder, a port communicating with the cylinder and including curved walls extending through the cylinder jacket, a poppet valve for controlling the port, a seat for the valve, a valve guide extending through the cylinder jacket and projecting into the port to a point in close proximity to the valve seat, a cylinder jacket having a pocket extending along the valve guide through the inner curved wall of the port, means for causing a cooling fluid to circulate through said pocket, an auxiliary jacket extending along the valve guide across the port and connected at its'ends with the cylinder jacket, and means for causing a cooling fluid to circulate through said auxiliary jacket. I p

3. In an internal combustion engine, an upright cylinder, a cooling jacket for the cylinder having substantially top and bottom walls extending laterally from the cylinder and a side Wall spaced from the cylinder, a port communicating with the cylinder and curving from the top wall to the side wallof the cylinder jacket, a poppet valve for the port, a seat for the poppet valve on the top wall of the jacket, a valve guide extending from the bottom wall of the cylinder jacket through the inner curved Wall of the port and to a point in close proximity to the valve seat, the top wall having a portion extending across the port and connected with the upper end of the valve guide,

along the inner side of the" valve guide .to a point in close proximity withthe valve seat, means for projecting a jet of cooling fluid into the pocket, an auxiliary cooling jacket extending along thevalve guide across the port and connected at its ends With the cylinder jacket, and means for projecting jacket.

upright cylinder, a downwardly and outwardly curvedport communicating with the cylinder, a poppet valve controlling} said port, a valve seat at the upper end of the port for said'valve, a valve guide extendbranches separated by portions of the cooling jacket, a poppet valve controlling the port, and a valve guide between the branches of the port and protected by the cooling jacket.

I11 testimony whereofI aflix my slgnature.

ROBERT JARDINE.

a et of cooling fluid through said auxiliary and an auxiliary cooling jacket extending along the valve guide across the port and communicating at its ends with the cylinder jacket.

4. In an internal combustion engine, an upright cylinder, a cooling jacket for the cylinder'having substantially top and bot tom walls extending laterally from the cylinder and a side wall spaced from the cylinder, a portcommunicating with the cylinder and curving from the top wall to the side wall of the cylinder jacket, a poppet valve for the port, a seat for the poppet valve on the top wall of the jacket, a valve guide extending vfrom the bottom wall of the cylinder jacket through the inner curved wall of the port and to a point in close proximity to the valve seat, the top wall having a portion extending across the port and connected with the upper end of the valve guide,

75 5. In an lnternal combustion englne, an. 

